Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Teens With BPD

Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by psychologist Marsha Linehan, based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), as a treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD).

BPD is characterized by unstable emotions, moods, and difficulties with interpersonal relationships. It is usually diagnosed in early adulthood, but if a pattern of symptoms persists for at least a year, people under age 18 can be diagnosed if they have at least five of the following symptoms:

• Intense fear of abandonment
• Episodes of inappropriate anger
• Violent mood swings
• Paranoid or dissociative thoughts or actions
• Self-harming behavior
• Impulsivity
• Unstable self-image
• Feelings of emptiness or chronic boredom
• Relationship issues varying between idealizing people and devaluing them

No two cases of BPD are identical, and different symptoms may be highlighted in each person. DBT seems to be the optimal treatment for BPD in helping to manage symptoms.

What Is DBT?

Dialectical behavior therapy is a form of CBT that was created specifically to treat borderline personality disorder. DBT focuses on two main points: validating an individual’s feelings, and teaching them coping skills to help break cycles of negative thoughts and behaviors. DBT teaches new behavioral techniques and works to balance acceptance with change.

Taking responsibility for one’s own actions is something DBT works to teach adolescents struggling with BPD. Those suffering from BPD often see things as “black or white,” and DBT attempts to change this thought process and assist in understanding that things are rarely just one or the other.

DBT is a type of psychotherapy in which the patient usually attends both group and individual therapy, and it is also typically given homework as well as a contact number for after-hours issues.

For teenagers with BPD, therapy can also focus on working with the entire family. Family members are taught how to reinforce positive behaviors instead of negative ones. The family dynamic may need to change some as well, and DBT can work to help break up the power struggle that can be exacerbated by adolescent BPD. Families and caregivers are taught to try and take the middle ground and avoid extreme highs and lows.

Methods of DBT in Teenagers

Psychotherapy, particularly DBT, strives to help change patterns of behavior and negative thought processes. Therapists are often available in an on-call capacity, and therapy sessions include individual, group, peer, and even family sessions. By helping teenagers to take ownership for their own lives and letting them know that they are not alone and that their feelings matter, DBT can make a real difference. Therapy is a process, however, and change can take time.

DBT also focuses on the concept of mindfulness, in which a person becomes more aware of their feelings and thoughts. Yoga, exercise, whole body relaxation, and other techniques may be employed to encourage this state.  Adolescents are also taught important life skills and given tools to help cope with and manage their symptoms.

OPI employs professionals trained in DBT as it applies to young adults and adolescents suffering from borderline personality disorder. OPI assists these young people through difficult transitions and helps them to develop the necessary life skills to become self-sufficient adults. For more information, feel free to contact us today.